An Inside Look at Melissa Harris-Perry Essay - 1597 Words

Melissa Harris-Perry analyzes the myths surrounding black women and the implication that correlate with these myths. Perry focuses on three main stereotypes of black women that began with slavery and are still prevalent in society today. Perry not only examines the depth and causes of these stereotypes, but she also scrutinizes their role in African Americans lives as citizens today. Black women today are not only separated from society outside of the African American community, but there are also existing stereotypes within the culture. Examining the history of black women, the three prominent stereotypes attached to them and comparing these to society today, it is clear that the standard for African American women is not only†¦show more content†¦Baartman’s genitalia and buttocks were examined and were qualified as scientific evidence that black women were not fully civilized (58). From these, so called, scientifically legitimate studies of Baartman came the ideolog ical biases, racism, and arrogance of white American culture that lasted decades. The negative internalization black women held, and continue to hold, arose from this blatant act of discrimination against the African American culture. To begin discussing stereotypes of African American women, one must understand that the stereotypes white women in America face are much different. While, the stereotypes of women as a whole have been negative and perverse, the majority of these views have been reversed since the beginning of the 20th century. Societal norms of white women have transformed from the days of June Clever to a post-feminist era with equality on the rise. However, this revolution of norms has not occurred at the same rate for African American women. Analyzing the stereotypes of Jezabel, Mammy, and Sapphire the transparent myths of black women persist today. The over sexualized perceptions of black women began with the inadequate observations and studies done by biased white males. Black women were believed to have exaggerated sex organs and uncontrollable sexuality (58). This stereotype was locked in during slavery while African American women were subject to abuse fromShow MoreRelatedEgo Tripping By Nikki Giovanni1208 Words   |  5 Pagesover the world, not just black women, are treated as if all we are ever good for is cooking, cleaning, taking care of the men, and having their babies. In Veronica Wells article â€Å"In Case You Missed It: Nikki Giovanni Performs â€Å"Ego-Tipping† On Melissa Harris Perry says that â€Å"women are often disrespected and belittled be the men in our society and even other women as well.† Her stand for equality in the black community is very important, especially if you are a female. All in all, â€Å"Ego-Tripping† is allRead MoreThe Cultural Identity Of The Strong Black Woman2874 Words   |  12 Pagesm a Superwoman- Alicia Keys, Superwoman Alicia Keys is reiterating an identity that is universally accepted by most African-American women (Harris-Perry 184). This is the cultural identity of the Strong Black Woman (SBW): self-reliant, tough, and hardworking. Stuart Hall defines cultural identities as, â€Å"[A] sort of collective ‘one true self’, hiding inside the many other, more superficial or artificially imposed ‘selves’, which many people shared history and ancestry hold in common† (Hall 223).Read MoreDivided Races : The Help And Its Controversy3530 Words   |  15 Pagesduring the Civil Rights era. Another person who has similar sentiments regarding The Help is Duchess Harris, an associate professor of American studies at Macalester College. 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Let’s begin by briefly defining the terms manager and organization—the place where managers work. Then let’s look at the manager’s job; specifically, what do managers do? Managers get things done through other people. They make decisions, allocate resources, and direct the activities of others to attain goals. 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Comparing Two Views of Gay Marriage Essay - 845 Words

In their works â€Å"Let Gays Marry,† by Andrew Sullivan and â€Å"Leave Marriage Alone,† by William Bennett, they both talk about the subject of same sex marriages. They both believe that marriage is based off of tradition. However, they debate on if these marriages should be allowed and if they are proper. Sullivan goes on to prove he believes same sex marriages are proper because traditionally it is based off of the principle of love. Bennett proves his point by saying that the conventional ways are the tradition. Andrew Sullivan says that love is the reason people marry one another. No matter the race, creed, or gender love is a strong bond that few people are lucky enough to find. (Sullivan p.25) This country believes in equal rights†¦show more content†¦29) Allowing these marriages would change everything from behavior to the way the youth is raised. (Bennett p. 29) The intent of same sex marriages would be to strengthen and celebrate marriage, however, Bennett feels that this would not be reality. Bennett says that the religious issues will be brought up along with the ideas of what is a 4,000 year old tradition and that there is a fine line that needs to be addressed and watched. If one group of people were to marry, what would stop any other groups or any other strange arrangements from being made? (Bennett p. 30) What would stop a father form marrying his daughter or a bisexual marrying one of each sex? (Bennett p.30) Bennett feels that according to what Sullivan has stated, these marriages would have to be allowed otherwise these people would be excluded. If these others are not allowed then the homosexuals are receiving special treatment. Morality issues will be brought out and that fine line will be crossed and there will be nothing to uphold moral standards. This is a great country in which family and marriage are elevated and revered. (Bennett p. 30) â€Å"We should keep them so.† (Bennett p.30) The tradition of marriage has been to marry the one you love. Conventionally the tradition has been to marry the opposite sex. Unlike Sullivan, Bennett feels that there will be no moral distinction if there are same sex marriages. In opposition to Bennett, Sullivan feels that this would bring a sense ofShow MoreRelated Comparing Two Views of Gay Marriage in America Essay764 Words   |  4 Pages Marriage, by definition, is the institution whereby men and women are joined in a special kind of social and legal dependence for the purpose of founding and maintaining a family. In today’s society however, things are changing. People of all genders are forming bonds with one another, and homosexuals are vying for the right to have their love established as marriage as well. 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Similar bigoted thinking was recently overcom eRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Kiss 952 Words   |  4 Pagesthough the two character’s kiss on L.A. Law never saw a relationship form, they got praise from one group during the time period. â€Å"The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation hailed NBC, saying the ‘historic smooch makes attorney C.J. Lamb †¦ the only recurring gay or bisexual female character currently on television† (Hastings, par. 2). The kiss, that lasted only a few seconds, was enough to give GLAAD a reason to celebrate. Just as the television industry began advancing their views on the subject

Maintaining Positive Health And Wellness Through Illness Reduction

Question: Discuss about the Maintaining Positive Health And Wellness Through Illness Reduction? Answer: The high prevalence of diseases and illnesses has negatively impacted the society both clinically and economically. Evidence of increase in cases of cancer, heart failure, multiple organ dysfunctioning, swine flu, premature aging, etc. have shown that focus needs to shift from conventional treatment procedure to the elucidation of skills and techniques to support good health practices. Health and wellness promotion not just paves the way for minimizing illnesses but increases the wellbeing of a community, country and eventually the whole globe. Along with an individual, the role of entire society and healthcare providers is crucial in making a community healthy. In the current scenario, most of the illnesses and health related issues are owed to unhealthy practices in society such as neglecting patients with a particular disease, especially communicable and mental illnesses, and economically weaker sections or discrimination by race. Thus, it affects psychological health of a person which further causes stress and ultimately disorders. Moreover, neglecting fitness and unhealthy lifestyle add up to the health related concerns. Therefore, it has become a necessity today to educate people about individual and community health and wellness. Various strategies and models are being adopted by healthcare and corporate sectors to help individuals manage their health behaviors for prevention of some of the common chronic illnesses. The present essay focuses on maintaining an individuals physical, mental and social health and how it results in an overall well-being with the achievement of health-related goals. Background As per the definition provided by WHO (World Health Organization), the state of being healthy is not just an absence of disease, but the overall physical, social and psychological wellbeing of a person. Whereas regardless of the current state of health, wellness is the condition in which a person delivers his/her maximum potential possible in given environmental conditions. Illness is a state of health which might not be related directly to the presence of a disease but a feeling of being sick or any lesion or disorder that affects a persons physical and mental wellbeing, and hence being healthy or ill revolves around their personal satisfaction. There are various determinants including income and social status, personal health practices, biology, gender, culture and physical environment contributing to the social, biological and psychological health of an individual. Biological variables such as the genetic makeup, age, sex, and ethnicity are some of the major deciders of health and severity of a disorder, and hence affect the biological perspective of health (Health, Wellness and illness 2008). Majorly, health is perceived by biological conditions only and not taking into account the lifestyle factors such as smoking or alcohol use, for example, older persons are considered unhealthy in spite of lacking any symptoms for a disease. Although most of diseases including heart and neurological problems are common in older groups while onset of breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer are dependent on the gender, but perceiving health in that context only can be a false interpretation (Mishra, Yadav Rani 2015). Additionally, societal perspective is the responsibility that a community plays with regard to a disease or illness, by providing care, support, empathy, concern, and encouragement to the patients. It depends on how a community responses to a prevailing illness and helps in getting rid of that. The societal perspective, especially in the case of mental illnesse s or chronic transmissible diseases, hugely affects the healthcare system. Hence, the behavior of a community having detrimental effects on health should be changed. Furthermore, the psychological perspective is majorly about how an individual perceives about his/her health, and therefore it varies from the risk and control associated with the patient. A persons concept of health affects their health outcomes, wherein those with a positive outlook for their treatment recover faster as compared to the one with pessimistic attitude (Murdoch 2014). Together these three perspectives (biological, societal and psychological) help in measuring health risk and severity of an illness. Promoting wellness in health and illness. Health promotion requires an extended support from the community in addition to the healthcare providers, nurses, and individuals themselves. There is a need for bringing about a change in the positive direction in health determinants by enhancing health-related skills of individuals and communities. Health and wellness are two very closely related terms, with the former being a resource of the latter one. A healthy person is more capable of maximizing their potential and fulfilling their expectations, making wellness a subjective measure of being healthy (Byock 2009; Travis Ryan 2004). On the other hand, for promoting health and wellness, it is necessary to have a sound and healthy community by efficient public health management system. In diseases like AIDS, societal perspective is still backward in most of the countries, wherein the patients are isolated and looked down upon by the society, nave about the disease. Being a life threatening disease with seldom any good treatment in the developing countries, it requires support from people around for the patient to have strength to fight the disease back for their life, but due to the abandonment by their society they remain deprived of the care and treatment that they deserve. Hence, strategies for enhancing interpersonal and situational influences through community interactions and education are incorporated in the health promotion models (Compton 2005). From the biological perspective of health, women especially those above 50, are more prone to breast cancer as compared to males. Hence, following health promotion models women above 50 can be recommended and encouraged to undergo mammography and regular checkups so as to prevent and detect cancer in early stages. Moreover, as a primary prevention, younger women can also be suggested to change their lifestyles such as the habit of smoking, drinking, use of oral contraceptives or obesity (Mishra et al. 2015). Workplace wellness programs and school health services in addition to community health camps are commonly adopted by companies, institutes, and community services respectively for improving health and wellbeing of a population. In enhancing health promotion, client-centered health and wellness coaching are being provided to individuals and groups for achieving self-determined fitness goals. Studies show the positive impact of these coaching in treatment outcomes of persons with diabetes, heart problems, cancer or obesity (Wolever et al. 2013; Becker McPeck 2013). Health theories and models. Various theories and models help explaining and promoting the phenomena of health, wellness and illness. The essay discusses some of these theories that further explain the concept from the social and psychological point of view. Travis illness-wellness continuum. This theory explains the relation of illness and wellness with an arrow, where wellness and illness are two opposite ends of the continuum, separated by several stages of health, from good health to death. While going from right to left in the continuum, a person moves from being healthy as a result of proper awareness and education of individuals and communities to a progressively decreasing health with increasing signs of illness and further disability. Placement of persons in the continuum also depends on how they and their community perceive them. Nurses play a major role in maintaining the continuum in positive side by educating and training individuals and communities about specific health related issues. For example, persons with hypertension having smoking and drinking habits, can move towards the negative side however by changing their lifestyle and quitting smoking and drinking, losing weight, performing yoga and exercises they can achieve complete health and wellness (Butterworth, Linden McClay 2007). Thus, with educating the community, nurses and coaches impact the society in a positive way. Dunns high-level wellness and grid model. With the application of X- and Y-axis, this model has four quadrants illustrating the potential maximization of an individual in an environment where they are functioning for the achievement of high-level wellness (Dunn 1959). It focuses on how a person participates and performs in a constantly changing environment. Each quadrant illustrates the following: Quadrant 1: High-level of wellness in a favorable environment. Quadrant 2: Poor health in a favorable environment. Quadrant 3: Poor health in an unfavorable environment. Quadrant 4: High-level wellness in an unfavorable environment. Health Belief Model by Rosenstock: The model depends on the psychological perception of a person i.e. how positive, negative or motivated the patient is for their recovery. Studies on mental health show that positive illusions about ones life are beneficial for mental health. However, those with realistic views and not confident about their health and treatment worsen their mental health (Taylor Brown 1988). Additionally, in the stages of clinical trials of any drug have volunteers divided into groups, where the control group uses a placebo and the other group is provided with the innovator compound, but none of the groups is disclosed what they are administered. The reason behind these blindfolded studies is the perception of patients, which can alter the results. Though on placebos, in most of the clinical studies patients in control group show positive outcome as a consequence of their perceived benefits and in contrast to this, patients with perceived susceptibility and seriousn ess show negative results in the treatment group (Miller kaptchuk 2004). Conclusion. The busy life of people has left little time for personal care, which is showing its consequence on their health and wellness. There is a thin line between wellness and illness and continued negligence of health with the adoption of unhealthy lifestyle shifts the determinants of health to the negative direction. Hence, health promotion strategies and models have become indispensable for the betterment of individuals and community. Focus now needs to be shifted from conventional treatment procedures to client-centered health promotion, involving the whole community. Awareness among people about their health, with encouragement for those above 40 to have regular checkups will thus help in overcoming negligence. Health and wellness coaching, emerging these days, are working to educate people about common health related issues, healthy practices, and lifestyle that can help build an efficient community to prosper success and growth. References Becker, C, and McPeck, W 2013, Creating positive health: its more than risk reduction, National wellness institute, viewed 30 December 2015, https://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nationalwellness.org/resource/resmgr/WhitePapers/NWIWhitePaper_BeckerMcPeck20.pdf Butterworth, S, Linden, A, and McClay, W 2007,Health coaching as an intervention in health management programs, Disease management and health outcomes, 15(5), 299307. Byock, I 2009, Suffering and wellness,Journal of Palliative Medicine, 12(9), 785787. Compton, W, C 2005, Introduction to positive psychology, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Dunn, H, L 1959, High-level wellness for man and society, American journal of public health and nations health, 49(6), 786792. www.scribd.com 2008, Health, wellness and illness, viewed 30 December 2015, https://www.scribd.com/doc/3573731/Health-Wellness-and-Illness#scribd. Miller, F, G andKaptchuk,T, J 2004, Sham procedures and the ethics of clinical trials, Journal of royal society of medicine, 97(12), 576578. Mishra, S, Yadav, T, and Rani, V 2015, Exploring miRNA based approaches in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, Critical reviews in oncology/hematology, S1040-8428(15). doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.10.003 Murdoch, N, H 2014, Health, wellness and illness, ResearchGate, viewed 31 December 2015, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262766886_Health_wellness_and_illness?enrichId=rgreq-cb6c327a-2c24-4d9d-89a2-efa52cd7db0aenrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzI2Mjc2Njg4NjtBUzoxOTg0Mjg2ODk3MzU2ODFAMTQyNDMyMDQ5NDM4MQ%3D%3Del=1_x_2. Taylor, S, E and Brown, J, D 1988, Illusion and well-being: a social psychological perspective on mental health, Psychological bulletin, 103(2), 193-210 Travis, J, W and Ryan, R, S 2004, The wellness workbook: How to achieve enduring health and vitality (3rd ed.), New York, NY: Ten Speed Press. Wolever, R, Q,Simmons, L, A, Sforzo, G, A, Dill, D, Kaye, M, Bechard, E, M, Southard, M, E, Kennedy, M, Vosloo, J, and Yang, N 2013, A Systematic Review of the Literature on Health and Wellness Coaching: Defining a Key Behavioral intervention in HealthcareA Systematic Review of the Literature on Health and Wellness Coaching: Defining a Key Behavioral intervention in HealthcareA systematic review of the literature on health and wellness coaching: defining a key behavioral intervention in healthcare, Global advances in health and medicine, 2(4), 3857.

Accounting And Finance of Qantas Airlines And Virgin Airways

Question: Describe about the Financial Performance Analysis of Qantas Airlines and Virgin Airways? Answer: Introduction Qantas Airways Limited is Australias largest airline. It is the second oldest airline in the world. The airline is based in Sydney. The company has 65% market share in the Australian domestic market and the market share of the company in Australia is 18.7%. The financial performance of the organization has declined over the period of time from 2010 to 2014 due to the rise in the price of fuel. The rise in the price of fuel has resulted in huge loss for the company. The share price of the company has gone down (Qantas.com.au, 2015). Virgin Australia is the second largest airlines of Australia. It is the largest fleet size used by the Virgin brand. It is one of the low cost airlines of Australia. Presently it is known as the New World Carrier. Qantas Airways is amongst the biggest competitors of Virgin Australia. The financial performance of the company has declined over the past years due to rise in the price of the fuel charges. This has increased the fuel price of the organization. The company has made huge loss in the year 2014. This has dropped the share prices of the company to a considerable extent (Virgin Australia, 2015). Financial Performance Analysis of Qantas Airlines and Virgin Airways The financial performance of Qantas Airways and Virgin Australia Airways can be analyssed by the major ratios like the profitability ratios, efficiency ratios, liquidity ratios, capital structure ratios and market performance ratios. Financial Ratio Analysis of Qantas Airways and Virgin Australia Airways Qantas Airlines Virgin Airlines 2014 2013 2014 2013 1 Profitability Ratios i. Gross profit margin Gross Profit /Net Sales -0.255592697 0.000683697 -0.109698618 -0.036772292 ii. Net profit margin Net Profit / Net Sales -0.182759064 0.000124309 -0.080580104 -0.024097273 iii. Return on assets Net Income / Assets -0.164164453 9.98403E-05 -0.075994273 -0.02157419 iv. Return on Equity Net income /Shareholder Equity -0.993361286 0.000342759 -0.339280603 -0.089076546 2 Asset Efficiency i. Asset Turnover Ratio Net Sales / Total Assets 90% 80% 94% 90% 3 Liquidity Ratio i. Current Ratio Current Assets/ Current Liabilities 0.655415282 0.746351738 0.642976153 0.541060406 ii. Quick Ratio Quick Assets / Current Liabilities 0.613289037 0.691590191 0.624179944 0.524636243 4 Capital Structure Ratios i. Debt to Equity Ratio Debt / Equity 505% 255% 346% 313% 5 Market Performance Ratios i. Price Earnings Ratio Market price of share / Earning Per share -0.019377432 60 -0.040350877 -0.085365854 Profitability Ratios - The profitability of a company can be determined by the following ratios which includes the gross profit margin , net profit margin , return on assets and return on equity. The profitability ratios determine the positive and negative trends in the earnings of the organization. If the profit margin of the company is positive, it will be reflected by the gross profit margin and the net profit margin. The rise in the profitability of the organization will determine the growth of the organization which is essential to drive the share price. Gross Profit margin The gross profit margin of Qantas Airways has declined from 2013 to 2014. There has been drop in the revenue of the organization due to rise in the fuel charges. On the other hand it is seen that the gross profit margin of Virgin Australia airways is negative. The company is suffering from huge loss. The rise in the fuel charges has affected the profit margin. Net Profit margin - The Net profit of Qantas airways has declined from 2013 to 2014. This is due to the rise in the fuel costs. 2014 was the culmination period for Qantas airways. The net profit margin of Virgin Australia Airways has declined from 2013. This is due to loss of the company. Return on assets Qantas Airways and Virgin Australia Airways has declined from the period 2013 to 2014. This is due to the fall in the income of the both the companies from 2013 to 2014.t The rise in the fuel charges has resulted in the fall of the income of both the companies. Return on equity In 2014, the equity share holder of both the airline has experienced negative returns. For Qantas Airways the return of the equity share holders in the year 2013 was nil but in 2014, the trend of the return was negative (Vandyck, 2006). Efficiency Ratios - The asset turnover ratio for Qantas Airways has been 90% in the year 2014 and it was 80% in the year 2013. It shows that the company has been using its assets efficiently. The asset turnover ratio for Virgin Australia Airways is has been 94% for the year 2014 and 90% for the year 2013. This shows that the company has been utilizing its assets efficiently to generate sales (Tracy, 2012). Liquidity Ratios The liquidity ratio shows the ability of the company to utilize its current assets and liabilities in an efficient manner. The ideal current ratio is considered to be 2:1. But it is seen that the current ratio of the company is less than 2:1. The company is not using its current liabilities in an efficient manner. The ideal quick ratio is 1:1. But the quick ratio of 2014 and 2013 shows that the company is not managing its current assets efficiently. The current ratio for Virgin Australia Airways shows that the company is not using its current assets and quick assets in an efficient manner. They must manage the current liabilities efficiently and manage the current assets in an efficient manner (Peterson Drake Fabozzi, 2006). Capital Structure Ratios: The debt to equity ratio of Qantas Airways and Virgin Australia Airways shows that the companies are highly debted companies. The liabilities of the company has been increasing every year. The debt component of both the companies has increased from 2013 to 2014. Market Performance Ratios The price earnings ratio of Qantas Airways has been positive for 2013 but the return of the shareholders has been negative in the year 2014. As the company is making loss, the share price has declined. The price earnings ratio of Virgin Australia Airways has been negative. This means that the investors have been receiving negative return from investments. As the companies are making loss, the investors confidence has declined (Desai et al., n.d.). Overall Assessment of the Financial Performance The financial performance of Qantas Airways and Virgin Australia Airways has been done using the profitability ratios, Efficiency ratios, capital structure ratios and market performance ratios. The ratio analysis shows that the performance of the companies has been declining from 2013 to 2014. The company has suffered from huge loss. The loss is mostly due to the rise of the fuel charges. Conclusion The financial performance analysis of Qantas Airways and Virgin Australia Airways has been done. It shows that the company has been suffering from huge loss. The fuel charges have increases exceedingly. The low cost airlines are in high debt. References Desai, R., Palepu, K., Gibson, C., Healy, P., Bernard, V., Wright, S. et al. Analysis of financial statement information. Peterson Drake, P., Fabozzi, F. (2006). Analysis of financial statements. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Qantas.com.au,. (2015). Flights to Australia | Australia travel | Qantas. Retrieved 6 February 2015, from https://www.qantas.com.au/travel/airlines/home/in/en Tracy, A. (2012). Ratio Analysis Fundamentals: How 17 Financial Ratios Can Allow You to ... (pp. 6-50). Vandyck, C. (2006). Financial Ratio Analysis: A Handy Guidebook (pp. 1-100). Virgin Australia,. (2015). Virgin Australia | Book flights holidays with Virgin Australia. Retrieved 6 February 2015, from https://www.virginaustralia.com/au/en/